In 2015, there were 45,462 jobseekers in the county. There were a large number of low-educated jobseekers among them, with 21,468 people having at most primary education, most of whom had previously been trained. The proportion of the population in most of the job seekers was in the districts of Encs, îzd, EdelŽny and Cig‡nd. Nearly 30% of the registrants were job seekers for more than one year, as they support about 90% of the reported jobs, many probably working in public work (their number was 36,951 in 2015). Nearly 15% of jobseekers were newcomers. According to the 2011 census, the number of people with disabilities was 40,158, one fifth of whom indicated that their disability hindered their work and learning. Low-skilled people are mostly able to do physical work, with jobs that are typically higher in industry, in the transportation, storage, construction, trade and hospitality sectors. At the same time, there is a need for physical workers in the public sector (public administration - public, health and social). By the end of October 2015, 4,079 people were involved in the EU-supported labor market program and the employment of 61% was supported. According to a corporate survey, 28% (349) of vacancies are in manufacturing. In general, in this sector, despite the high demand for labor, only a small number of jobs are supported, as large employers convert their workforce into project-specific order needs, so they do not undertake the required statistical headcount. In the county, especially in Miskolc, additional jobs are expected to increase in the automotive industry and construction industry as a result of government incentives. There is a constant need for labor in customer relations and administration. We can expect creation of jobs in sectors with high fluctuations: agriculture, commerce, hospitality, transport, construction. Typically, the following jobs have a significant number of new labor requirements: product assembly, mechanical machine assembly, locksmith, welder.
The TOP contributes to the strategic objective of “Increasing employment in the EU2020”, in line with the National Reform Program (NRP) and Partnership Agreement (PM). In line with the NRP, the PM fixes Hungary’s target of raising the employment rate from below 61% in 2010/11 to 75% (EU target: 75%). The employment rate in Eurostat /2015/ data is 68.9% in Hungary and 70.1% in the EU.
Defining the role of the TOP in economic development and employment was in line with the Thematic Objective 8, through which the TOP contributes directly to raising employment levels, in particular by providing local conditions for economic growth.
In the TOP, the following territorial development needs were identified in the county’s regional development concepts and programs for the economy and employment:
Organizing and strengthening local economic and entrepreneurial co-operation in all regions and settlements as part of business infrastructure services in order to provide employment-friendly solutions. Local products can be organized locally and can be developed through coordination and management. This is also a key to strengthening urban-rural relations. The involvement of local products in local care is a significant potential, which can be improved by infrastructure and services.
The task of all counties is to coordinate labor demand and labor supply at local level. This is most often seen in the employment of the disadvantaged population, most notably in counties with lower employment than the national average, eg. Borsod-Abaœj-ZemplŽn, Szabolcs-Szatm‡r-Bereg, N—gr‡d, Baranya, Zala. All this is dependant on training and mentoring, keeping skilled labor in the county, and the promotion of the establishment of companies that require skilled labor.
In order to increase employment, it is necessary to establish partnerships between the county and local level, employment-economic development co-operation, which coordinates the regional economy through the coordination of the above labor supply and the employment of the newly recruited employees in case of expansion of the business infrastructure and the jobs of the enterprises operating there. Providing temporary wage and social contribution opportunities in a number of regions and counties is a precedent and initiative worth building on.