Digitalization of tax return system in Hungary

Countries

Policy areas

Tags: taxation; personal income tax;

Organisation name National Tax and Customs Administration of Hungary

Contact person: L‡szl— Sors dr.

international@nav.gov.hu

Personal income taxation was introduced in Hungary in January 1988.

In the first years the obligation of filing yearly tax returns could be fulfilled only by filling out paper form documents. The fulfillment of the tax declaration obligation was a large administrative burden for the taxpayers, and the declarationsÕ check correction, processing required substantial material and human resources from the side of the tax administration.

In the mid of 2000s by the IT development the tax administration implemented an internet-based software for the filling-out and control of the tax declaration, and from 2006 on the PIT tax return could be filed electronically too.

The achievement of the 2008 was the simplified tax return compiled on the basis of the answers given to previously defined questions by the help of which the tax administration prepared more than 320 thousand tailor-made PIT returns yearly. In 2010 tax return with limited data content was introduced, for those taxpayers who received their income on a limited number of grounds. This type of tax declaration containing only 3 lines was only available for a rather narrow taxpayer public, but – thanks to the modification of the regulatory environment – fulfillment of the tax return obligation by only one declaration became possible in 2015.

Beside our endeavors to simplify the processes the existence of several tax return modes gave rise to disadvantages for the both the taxpayers and the tax administration. It was difficult for the individuals to navigate in the system, to choose the most appropriate tax return option. The existence of several tax returns needed the existence of several processing systems, it was a complicated and expensive solution.

It was a legitimate expectation of the taxpayers that they could meet their tax return filing obligation in a simpler way. And in line with this the aim of the tax administration was to release the administrative burden of people on filing the PIT returns.

In 2017 the new, online accessible tax return draft replaced the tax returns used in the previous years, having brought in a new era in the taxation and implemented a new e-PIT system. Thus the tax administration Ð beyond the change of the approach Ð created the tax return draft as a simple-to-use system having positive effect on large sections of public and cretaed the IT environment for its notification.

The PIT return filing system was renewed not only for its technology but also a change of philosophy took place in the taxation. The tax administration used the so called control data for post audit in the previous years, now the data are provided for the individuals at their disposal, tax return draft is compiled for them.

More than 2 million individuals with registration on governmental portal could reach their PIT tax return drafts for 2016 compiled by the tax administration on the specific internet ePIT platform. In 2017 the draft PIT tax return was compiled for 3.8 million people.

The tax return draft was extended to the private entrepreneurs, primary agricultural producers and individuals obliged to pay VAT in 2018 and 2019. So the tax administration drew up the PIT tax return for the whole taxpayer sector for the 2018 taxation year, the num ber of which exceeded 5.5 million pieces.

In the new e-PIT, the taxpayers have no other task as to compare the data of the certificates issued by the employers, payers with the data of the tax return draft, or complete the draft if necessary. If there is no discrepancy, then the taxpayer has nothing else to do as the draft becomes a valid tax return with the power of the law. The private entrepreneurs, primary agricultural producers and individuals obliged to pay VAT can meet their filing obligation if they complete, modify their drafts. The online platform is enabled to make arrangements about 1% of PIT in the favor of civil organizations and churches respectively.

The restructuring, modernization of the PIT system resulted in clearly identifiable reduction of burocracy for the wide range of individuals.

Drawing up of the tax return drafts and the electronic services related to it is the undertaking and implementation of the largest public service probably seen in the life of the NTCA which facilitates the taxpayersÕ compliance, is taxpayer-friendly and which fulfills the expectations of Òservice Ð providingÓ NTCA.

Due to the continuous expansion of our databases, more accurate data are available for the tax administration. Based on this information the benefits and the control data disclosures become transparent for the taxpayers. This also ensures that the taxpayer can easily and regularly modify the data of the former tax return.

The design of the system is adapted to the dynamically changing environment, in case of new tax rules and regulations only parts of relationships need to be modified, and with this, the sustainability of the system can be guaranteed.

The ePIT well received by the taxpayer is a first but very significant step in the tax return reform. The NTCA will perform its work to support its economic operators: the next development will involve the value added tax in e-VAT system.

In line with the boom of the internet society and technological tools the NTCA aims to support that the taxpayers file their tax returns exclusively electronically. The Online Form Management Application is a help which is a web interface developed for the taxpayers obliged to file the tax returns, registration, reporting. Online filling-in and filing of the excise and taxation forms is enabled in this application. Our mid-term goal is to publish all documents managed by the tax administration on the web interface. The elimination of the paper-based processing will reduce the budgetary expenses beside its other environmental advantages.

Draft personal income tax return is prepared in several countries (BE, EE, PL, LV, LT, IT, PT, ES, SI).

Advantage of the HU solution is that PIT return not only prepared for the private individuals but for the agricultural primary producers (licensed traditional small-scale producer), the private individuals liable for VAT and the private entrepreneurs as well. Elsewhere, this service is provided only for the private individuals.

Further advantage of the HU solution is that the taxpayers themselves can correct or complete the draft tax return. In contrast, there are countries where this process is more complicated: e.g. in SI the taxpayers indicate the error to the tax administration in a submission that will be corrected by the tax administration, afterwards.

By the preparation of the draft PIT return, the NTCA takes into account not only the employerÕs data disclosures but also all the data that is available for the NTCA and the data regarding the taxpayer in question provided by the payers. Thereby a PIT return can be prepared which is more precise and contains moere extensive data on incomes earned, than if the tax administration only would rely on the employerÕs data disclosures, as it does in PL.

Foreign delegations showed considerable interest towards the ePIT system. The preparation of the draft PIT returns by the tax administration was introduced to the top managerial delegation of the RO partner administration among other up-to-date professional solutions. The client-orientated approach and the experiences of the application of the ePIT were stimulated the interest of the Romanian experts and they asked several questions regarding the System.

In April 2019, the delegation of the IAPR of the Hellenic Republic visited the NTCA in order to get acquainted with the HU systems that support the electronic tax collection and to promote the possible GR takeover of them. Furthermore, NTCA introduced the theoretical and practical implications of the ePIT system as well.

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